Jalra-M 50/500 mg Tablet

Generic Name: Vildagliptin 50 mg + Metformin Hydrochloride 500 mg
Category: Oral Anti-Diabetic (DPP-4 Inhibitor + Biguanide Combination)

Description:

Jalra-M 50/500 mg Tablet is a combination medicine used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It contains Vildagliptin (a DPP-4 inhibitor) and Metformin (a biguanide).

• Vildagliptin works by blocking the DPP-4 enzyme, which increases incretin hormone levels. Incretins stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas (when blood sugar is high) and reduce excess glucose production by the liver.

• Metformin lowers glucose production in the liver, delays glucose absorption from the intestine, and improves the body’s response to insulin.

Together, these two medicines help in achieving better control of blood sugar levels, reduce fluctuations, and lower the risk of diabetes-related complications such as kidney damage, nerve problems, heart disease, and eye issues.

Uses:

• Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in adults

• Helps prevent long-term complications like kidney disease, neuropathy, retinopathy, stroke, and cardiovascular problems

Mechanism of Action:

• Vildagliptin (50 mg): Enhances incretin activity → increases insulin secretion (when glucose is high) & suppresses glucagon release → lowers blood sugar

• Metformin (500 mg): Reduces liver glucose output, improves insulin sensitivity, and slows glucose absorption from the gut

• Combined effect: Improved fasting and post-meal blood sugar control

Dosage & Administration:

• Usual dose: 1 tablet twice daily with meals (doctor decides exact dose)

• Take with food to minimize stomach upset from Metformin

• Swallow whole with water; do not crush or chew

• Dose adjustments may be needed in patients with kidney impairment

Common Side Effects:

• Nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain (Metformin-related)

• Headache, dizziness, mild infections (Vildagliptin-related)

• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar – more likely with insulin or sulfonylureas)

• Fatigue, loss of appetite

Serious Side Effects (rare):

• Lactic acidosis (Metformin) – extreme tiredness, muscle pain, breathing difficulty

• Liver dysfunction (Vildagliptin) – yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine

• Pancreatitis – severe stomach pain with nausea/vomiting

• Allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)

Warnings & Precautions:

• Not for Type 1 Diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis

• Avoid in severe kidney or liver disease

• Regular monitoring of blood sugar, HbA1c, kidney, and liver function is essential

• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption (increases risk of lactic acidosis)

• Stay hydrated and follow diet & exercise for best results